Note:

This equation calculates the minimum orifice area required for liquid flow through a pressure relief valve. It is based on mass flow rate, fluid properties, and pressure conditions.

Parameters Explained:

• A₀ (Flow Area): The minimum required opening size for liquid discharge.
• ṁ (Mass Flow Rate): The amount of liquid passing per hour.
• Kd (Coefficient of Discharge): A correction factor based on valve design.
• Kv (Viscosity Factor): Accounts for the effect of fluid viscosity.
• ρ (Density): The mass per unit volume of the liquid.
• ΔP (Pressure Difference): The driving force of fluid discharge.

BS 6759 is a British Standard that specifies requirements for the performance, design, and testing of safety valves used in pressurized systems. It ensures that safety valves operate reliably to prevent overpressure in boilers, pipelines, and industrial equipment.

Why 1.61 in the Formula?

The constant 1.61 is an empirical factor derived from standardized flow calculations. It accounts for unit conversions and flow characteristics in practical engineering applications.

Real-Life Applications:

• Safety Valves in Chemical Plants: Prevents overpressure accidents.
• Refineries & Oil Industry: Ensures safe fluid discharge.
• Fire Protection Systems: Calculates required nozzle sizes.

Conclusion:

This formula plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe design of relief systems. Proper selection of valve orifice size prevents failures and protects equipment.