Note:

Purpose of this Formula: This formula is used to calculate the relief vent rate required for liquids subjected to external heating. It helps in preventing vessel overpressure.

Formula Parameters:

• W: Relief vent rate (kg/s), the required venting capacity.
• G: Mass flux, determines fluid movement rate.
• A: Vent area, the space through which vapor escapes.
• Qₜ: Constant external heat input, represents the heat energy added.
• hₓₐ: Latent heat of vaporization, the energy required for phase change.
• vₓ: Specific volume of vapor, indicates how much space vapor occupies.
• Cᵥ: Specific heat at constant volume, shows how a liquid retains heat.
• ΔT: Temperature rise, how much the liquid is heated.
• Constant Value (2.303): Conversion factor between natural and common logarithms, used in thermodynamic calculations.

Real-Life Applications:

• Used in fire protection and pressure relief design.
• Helps in industrial safety by preventing overpressure in tanks.
• Used in process industries like oil refineries and chemical plants.

Conclusion:

This formula ensures proper venting of liquids to prevent pressure buildup, making it crucial for fire and safety engineering.